هیدروکربن‌های حلقوی معطر (PAHs) در رسوبات رواناب شهری (مطالعه موردی شهر تهران)

[1]R. Mohanraj, S. Dhanakumar, G. Solaraj, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to PM 2.5 in urban Coimbatore, India with emphasis on source apportionment, The Scientific World Journal, (2012)

[2] O.S. Sojinu, O.O. Sonibare, E.Y. Zeng, Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of a mangrove forest affected by forest fire, Toxicological & Environ Chemistry, 93(3) (2011) 450-461.

[3] O.O. Olayinka, A.A. Adewusi, O.O. Olarenwaju, A. Aladesida, Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Estimated Human Health Risk of Water Samples Around Atlas Cove, Lagos, Nigeria, Journal of Health and Pollution, 8(20) (2018) 191-201.

[4] D.H. Phillips, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the diet, Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 443(1) (1999) 139-147.

[5] H.I. Abdel-Shafy, M.S. Mansour, A review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: source, environmental impact, effect on human health and remediation, Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 25(1) (2016) 107-123.

[6] R. Boonyatumanond, M. Murakami, G. Wattayakorn, A. Togo, H. Takada, Sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust in a tropical Asian mega-city, Bangkok, Thailand, Science of the Total Environment, 384(1-3) (2007) 420-432.

[7] S. Liu, X. Xia, L. Yang, M. Shen, R. Liu, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of different land uses in Beijing, China: distribution, sources and their correlation with the city's urbanization history, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177(1-3) (2010) 1085-1092.

[8] R. Pitt, R. Field, M. Lalor, M. Brown, Urban stormwater toxic pollutants: assessment, sources, and treatability, Water Environment Research, 67(3) (1995) 260-275.

[9] J.P. Heaney, L. Wright, D. Sample, Research needs in urban wet weather flows, Water environment research, 71(2) (1999) 241-250.

[10] E. Eriksson, A. Baun, L. Scholes, A. Ledin, S. Ahlman, M. Revitt, C. Noutsopoulos, P.S. Mikkelsen, Selected stormwater priority pollutants—a European perspective, Science of the total environment, 383(1-3) (2007) 41-51.

[11] E. Eriksson, A. Baun, P.S. Mikkelsen, A. Ledin, Chemical hazard identification and assessment tool for evaluation of stormwater priority pollutants, Water Science and Technology, 51(2) (2005) 47-55.

[12] A.D. Steinman, E.S. Isely, K. Thompson, Stormwater runoff to an impaired lake: impacts and solutions, Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(9) (2015) 549.

[13] D. Broman, A. Colmsjö, B. Ganning, C. Näf, Y. Zebühr, C. Östman, ‘Fingerprinting’petroleum hydrocarbons in bottom sediment, plankton, and sediment trap collected seston, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 18(7) (1987) 380-388.

[14] M. Gromaire-Mertz, S. Garnaud, A. Gonzalez, G. Chebbo, Characterisation of urban runoff pollution in Paris, Water Science and Technology, 39(2) (1999) 1-8.

[15] E. Manoli, C. Samara, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in natural waters: sources, occurrence and analysis, TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 18(6) (1999) 417-428.

[16] T. Meyer, Y.D. Lei, F. Wania, Transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides during snowmelt within an urban watershed, Water research, 45(3) (2011) .6511-7411

[17] J.R. Bathi, R.E. Pitt, S.E. Clark, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stream sediments, Advances in Civil Engineering, 2012 (2012).

[18] A. Torres, J.-L. Bertrand-Krajewski, Evaluation of uncertainties in settling velocities of particles in urban stormwater runoff, Water Science and Technology, 57(9) (2008) 1389-1396.

[19] K. Zhang, B.-Z. Zhang, S.-M. Li, E.Y. Zeng, Regional dynamics of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Pearl River Delta, China: Implications and perspectives, Environmental pollution, 159(10) (2011) 2301-2309.

[20] G. Kiss, Z. Varga-Puchony, A. Gelencser, Z. Krivacsy, A. Molnar, J. Hlavay, Survey of concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lake Balaton by HPLC with fluorescence detection, Chromatographia, 48(1-2) (1998) 149-153.

[21] H.-S. Wang, Z. Cheng, P. Liang, D.-D. Shao, Y. Kang, S.-C. Wu, C.K. Wong, M.H. Wong, Characterization of PAHs in surface sediments of aquaculture farms around the Pearl River Delta, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 73(5) (2010) 900-906.

[22] J.L. Zhou, T.W. Fileman, S. Evans, P. Donkin, C. Llewellyn, J.W. Readman, R.F.C. Mantoura, S.J. Rowland, Fluoranthene and pyrene in the suspended particulate matter and surface sediments of the Humber Estuary, UK, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 36(8) (1998) 587-597.

[23] H. Li, J. Chen, W. Wu, X. Piao, Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different size fractions of soil from a coke oven plant and its relationship to organic carbon content, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 176(1-3) (2010) 729-734.

[24] M. Grynkiewicz, Ż. Polkowska, J. Namieśnik, Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bulk precipitation and runoff waters in an urban region (Poland), Atmospheric Environment, 36(2) (2002) 361369.

[25] Y. Zheng, X. Luo, W. Zhang, B. Wu, F. Han, Z. Lin, X. Wang, Enrichment behavior and transport mechanism of soil-bound PAHs during rainfall-runoff events, Environmental pollution, 171 (2012) 85-92.

[26] F. Nakajima, K. Saito, Y. Isozaki, H. Furumai, A.M. Christensen, A. Baun, A. Ledin, P.S. Mikkelsen, Transfer of hydrophobic contaminants in urban runoff particles to benthic organisms estimated by an in vitro bioaccessibility test, Water science and technology, 54(6-7) (2006) 323-330.

[27] C.J. DiBlasi, H. Li, A.P. Davis, U. Ghosh, Removal and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in an urban stormwater bioretention facility, Environmental science & technology, 43(2) (2008) 494-502.

[28] C. Sakulthaew, S. Comfort, C. Chokejaroenrat, C. Harris, X. Li, A combined chemical and biological approach to transforming and mineralizing PAHs in runoff water, Chemosphere, 117 (2014) 1-9.

[29] J.N. Brown, B.M. Peake, Sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff, Science of the total environment, 359(1-3) (2006) 145-155.

[30] M. Sicre, J. Marty, A. Saliot, X. Aparicio, J. Grimalt, J. Albaiges, Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in different sized aerosols over the Mediterranean Sea: occurrence and origin, Atmospheric Environment (1967), 21(10) (1987) 2247-2259.

[31] M. Mahmudi, S. Hashemi, A. Salemi, A Multi-Metric Index for Hydrocarbons Source Apportionment, Pollution, 5(2) (2019) 419-427.

[32] M. Ghahroudi tali, K.b. Derafshi, Investigation of turbulence in the pattern of flood risk in Tehran city, JOURNAL OF Spatial analysis environmental hazarts, 2 (2015) 1-16.

[33] Manual of oceanographic observations and pollutant analysis methods (MOOPAM), ROPME. Kuwait, 1(1999) 20.in persian

[34] A. Shahbazi, N. Bahramifar, E. Smolders, Elevated concentrations of pesticides and PCBs in soils at the Southern Caspian Sea (Iran) are related to land use, Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal,21(2)(2012)160-175.

[35] D.I.f.N. (DIN), Soil Improvers And Growing Media - Determination Of Organic Matter Content And Ash; German Version EN 13039, (2012).

[36] W.E. Dean, Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition; comparison with other methods, Journal of Sedimentary Research, 44(1) (1974) 242-248.

[37] Y. Liu, B. Beckingham, H. Ruegner, Z. Li, L. Ma, M. Schwientek, H. Xie, J. Zhao, P. Grathwohl, Comparison of sedimentary PAHs in the rivers of Ammer (Germany) and Liangtan (China): differences between early-and newly-industrialized countries, Environmental science & technology, 47(2) (2013) 701-709.

[38] W. Pheiffer, L.P. Quinn, H. Bouwman, N.J. Smit, R. Pieters, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments from a typical urban impacted river: application of a comprehensive risk assessment, Ecotoxicology, 27(3) (2018) 336-351.

[39] J. Tao, D. Huggins, G. Welker, J. Dias, C.G. Ingersoll, J. Murowchick, Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part I. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and pesticide-related compounds, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 59(3) (2010) 352-369.

[40] P. Lei, K. Pan, H. Zhang, J. Bi, Pollution and Risk of PAHs in Surface Sediments from the Tributaries and Their Relation to Anthropogenic Activities, in the Main Urban Districts of Chongqing City, Southwest China, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,  (2018) 1-6.

[41] N. Soltani, B. Keshavarzi, F. Moore, T. Tavakol, A.R. Lahijanzadeh, N. Jaafarzadeh, M. Kermani, Ecological and human health hazards of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust of Isfahan metropolis, Iran, Science of The Total Environment, 505 (2015) 712-723.

[42] S. Bertilsson, A. Widenfalk, Photochemical degradation of PAHs in freshwaters and their impact on bacterial growth–influence of water chemistry, Hydrobiologia, 469(1-3) (2002) 23-32

[43] D. Page, P. Boehm, G. Douglas, A. Bence, W. Burns, P. Mankiewicz, Pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments record past human activity: a case study in Prince William Sound, Alaska, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38(4)(1999)247-260.

[44] A.K. Baldwin, S.R. Corsi, M.A. Lutz, C.G. Ingersoll, R. Dorman, C. Magruder, M. Magruder, Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee‐area streambed sediment, Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 36(6) (2017) 1622-1635.

[45] R. Dickhut, E. Canuel, K. Gustafson, K. Liu, K. Arzayus, S. Walker, G. Edgecombe, M. Gaylor, E. MacDonald, Automotive sources of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with particulate matter in the Chesapeake Bay region, Environmental science & technology, 34(21) (2000) 4635-4640.

[46] M.B. Yunker, R.W. Macdonald, R. Vingarzan, R.H. Mitchell, D. Goyette, S. Sylvestre, PAHs in the Fraser River basin: a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition, Organic geochemistry, 33(4) (2002) 489-515.

[47] H. Soclo, P. Garrigues, M. Ewald, Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal marine sediments: case studies in Cotonou (Benin) and Aquitaine (France) areas, Marine pollution bulletin, 40(5) (2000) 387-396.

[48] D. Saber, D. Mauro, T. Sirivedhin, Environmental forensics investigation in sediments near a former manufactured gas plant site, Environmental Forensics, 7(1) (2006) 6575.

[49] M. Bomboi, A. Hernandez, Hydrocarbons in urban runoff: their contribution to the wastewaters, Water research, 25(5) (1991) 557-565.

[50] S.A. Stout, A.D. Uhler, S.D. Emsbo-Mattingly, Comparative evaluation of background anthropogenic hydrocarbons in surficial sediments from nine urban waterways, Environmental science & technology, 38(11) (2004) 2987-2994.

[51] P. Baumard, H. Budzinski, Q. Michon, P. Garrigues, T. Burgeot, J. Bellocq, Origin and bioavailability of PAHs in the Mediterranean Sea from mussel and sediment records, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 47(1) (1998) 77-90.

[52] H. Takada, T. Onda, M. Harada, N. Ogura, Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust from the Tokyo Metropolitan area, Science of the Total Environment, 107 (1991) 45-69.

[53] T.C. Nguyen, P. Loganathan, T.V. Nguyen, S. Vigneswaran, J. Kandasamy, D. Slee, G. Stevenson, R. Naidu, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in road-deposited sediments, water sediments, and soils in Sydney, Australia: comparisons of concentration distribution, sources and potential toxicity, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 104 (2014) 339-348.

[54] Y. Liu, L. Chen, Z. Jianfu, H. Qinghui, Z. Zhiliang, G. Hongwen, Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of rivers and an estuary in Shanghai, China, Environmental Pollution, 154(2) (2008) 298-305.

[55] O.L. Maioli, K.C. Rodrigues, B.A. Knoppers, D.A. Azevedo, Distribution and sources of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in suspended particulate matter in water from two Brazilian estuarine systems, Continental Shelf Research, 31(10) (2011) 1116-1127.

[56] Z. Zhang, H. Hong, J. Zhou, G. Yu, Phase association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Minjiang River Estuary, China, Science of the Total Environment, 323(13) (2004) 71-86.

[57] J. Guinan, M. Charlesworth, M. Service, T. Oliver, Sources and Geochemical Constraints of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments and Mussels of two Northern Irish Sea-loughs, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42(11) (2001) 1073-1081.

[58] R.M. Cavalcante, F.W. Sousa, R.F. Nascimento, E.R. Silveira, G.S.S. Freire, The impact of urbanization on tropical mangroves (Fortaleza, Brazil): Evidence from PAH distribution in sediments, Journal of Environmental Management, 91(2) (2009) 328-335.

[59] C.-W. Chen, C.-F. Chen, Distribution, origin, and potential toxicological significance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 63(5) (2011) 417-423.

[60] T.D. Bucheli, F. Blum, A. Desaules, Ö. Gustafsson, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, black carbon, and molecular markers in soils of Switzerland, Chemosphere, 56(11) (2004) 1061-1076.

[61] Y.N. Vodyanitskii, Organic matter of urban soils: A review, Eurasian soil science, 48(8) (2015) 802-811.

[62] B. Chen, X. Xuan, L. Zhu, J. Wang, Y. Gao, K. Yang, X. Shen, B. Lou, Distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters, sediments and soils of Hangzhou City, China, Water Research, 38(16) (2004) 3558-3568.

[63] J. Zhou, K. Maskaoui, Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and surface sediments from Daya Bay, China, Environmental Pollution, 121(2) (2003) 269-281.

[64] W. Zhang, S. Zhang, C. Wan, D. Yue, Y. Ye, X. Wang, Source diagnostics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road runoff, dust, rain and canopy throughfall, Environmental Pollution, 153(3) (2008) 594-601

[65] B. Ngabe, T.F. Bidleman, G.I. Scott, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in storm runoff from urban and coastal South Carolina, Science of the total environment, 255(13) (2000) 1-9.

[66] H. Soclo, A. Affokpon, A. Sagbo, S. Thomson, H. Budzinski, P. Garrigues, S. Matsuzawa, A. Rababah, Urban runoff contribution to surface sediment accumulation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Cotonou Lagoon, Benin, Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, 22(2) (2002) 111-128.

[67] B. Pérez-Fernández, L. Viñas, M.Á. Franco, J. Bargiela, PAHs in the Ría de Arousa (NW Spain): a consideration of PAHs sources and abundance, Marine pollution bulletin, 95(1) (2015) 155-165.

[68] Z. Wang, M. Liu, Y. Yang, Characterization and sources analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments in the Yangtze River Estuary, Environmental earth sciences, 73(5) (2015) 2453-2462.