پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 9 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 447 |
| تعداد مقالات | 5,734 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 8,049,944 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,549,120 |
بررسی تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلیلاتیس (مطالعه موردی: منطقه حسینآباد میش مست استان قم) | ||
| نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 52، شماره 12، اسفند 1399، صفحه 3237-3248 اصل مقاله (1.49 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22060/ceej.2019.16402.6211 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدمهدی بخشی1؛ بیتا آیتی* 2؛ حسین گنجی دوست1 | ||
| 1دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست | ||
| 2تهران- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست- ص.پ. 397-14115 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرسایش بادی و گردوغبار ناشی از آن امروزه به صورت یک معضل زیست محیطی، نه تنها مناطق بیابانی بلکه کل کشور را تحت تاثیر خود قرار داده است. شروع بحران ریزگردها در کشور به اوایل دهه هشتاد بازمیگردد. ابتدا ریزگردها از غرب و جنوب غربی وارد کشور شدند و به مرورزمان به نواحی مرکزی نیز راه یافتند. گردوغبار تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلف طبیعی و مصنوعی پدید میآید؛ روشهای مختلفی جهت تثبیت خاک نظیر استفاده از بادبند، کاشت گیاه و استفاده از مالچ وجود دارد. استفاده از روشهای نوین تثبیت خاک به دلیل کاهش اثرات سو بر محیط زیست، جایگزینی مناسب برای مالچ نفتی است. تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلی لاتیس قشر یکنواخت به هم چسبیدهای را به وجود میآورد که در برابر سرعت بالای باد مقاوم بوده و اثرات تخریبی کمتری بر روی محیط زیست دارد. در این تحقیق، از خاک منطقه حسین آباد میش مست در نزدیکی دریاچه نمک قم، جهت بررسی تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلی لاتیس استفاده شده است. خاکها پس از گذشتن از الک 2 میلیمتر در سینیهایی به ابعاد 80*80*3 سانتیمتر و با مقدار 1 ،5/1 و 2 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس تثبیت شدهاند. این نمونهها در بازههای زمانی 7 و 30 روزه پس از مالچ پاشی در معرض باد با سرعتهای 10 ،15 و 20 متر بر ثانیه قرار گرفته و پایداری آنها در برابر باد بررسی شد. نمونههای تثبیت شده 7 و 30 روزه با مقدار 1 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس در سرعت باد 20 متر بر ثانیه پایداری خود را از دست دادند؛ اما سایر نمونهها در برابر باد با سرعتهای مختلف، پایداری خود را حفظ نمودند. در نمونههای تثبیت شده با 2 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس و سرعت باد 20 متر بر ثانیه، غلظت گردوغبار خاک منطقه حسین آباد نسبت به خاک شاهد در تثبیت 7 و 30 روزه به ترتیب کاهشی 60 و 50 برابری داشته و مقدار ذرات تهنشین شده در طول کانال نیز کاهش چشمگیری یافت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تثبیت خاک؛ فرسایش باد؛ مالچ؛ نانو پلیمر پلیلاتیس؛ حسینآباد قم | ||
| موضوعات | ||
| مهندسی محیط زیست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Soil Stabilization by Nano Polymer Polylatice (Case Study: Hossein Abad Area of Qom Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Mehdi Bakhshi1؛ Bita Ayati2؛ Hossein Ganjidoust1 | ||
| 1Tarbiat Modares Univ., Civil & Environmental Eng. Faculty, Env. Eng. Div. P.O. Box 14115-397 Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Tarbiat Modares Univ., Civil & Environmental Eng. Faculty, Env. Eng. Div. P.O. Box 14115-397 Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Today, wind erosion and the dust caused by it, as an environmental problem, affects not only the desert regions of Iran, but also the entire country. The beginning of haze crisis in Iran originates in the last two decades. At first, the haze entered the country through the west and southwest of the country and gradually reached the central areas. The dust can be caused by various natural and artificial factors. There are different methods for soil stabilization, such as using windbreak, planting and use of mulch. The use of new soil stabilization methods, due to reduced environmental impacts, is a suitable alternative for oil mulch. Soil stabilization by using Nano polymer polylatice creates a uniformly coherent cortex that is resistant to high wind speed and has less environmental degradation effects. In this research, the soil of the Hossein Abad area, near the salt lake of Qom, has been used for wind erosion test to verify the stabilization with the use of nano polymer polylatice. After passing through a 2 mm sieve, the soils were stabilized with concentrations of 1, 1.5 and 2 L/m2 of polylatice in trays with dimensions of 80*80*3 cm. These specimens were exposed to wind by three different velocities, including 10, 15 and 20 m/s, during 7 and 30 days and their stabilities were analyzed against wind. The concentration of dust of the Hossein Abad area in the 7 and 30-day stabilization decreased by 60 and 50 times at a wind speed of 20 m/s, respectively and as time passed by after adding mulch, the amount of particles deposited along the channel were also decreased significantly. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Soil Stabilization, Wind Erosion, Mulch, Nano Polymer Polylatice, Hossein Abad Qom | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] A. Nohegar, F. Abbaszadeh, M. Akbarian, H. Hatami Gourbandi, Investigation of poly latise polymer capability in soil conservation against wind erosion case study: Gahrdo Sirik, Environmental Erosion Researches, (3)1 (2011) (in Persian). [2] T. Vanwalleghem, J. Gómez, J. Infante-Amate, M. Molina, K. Vanderlinden, G. Guzmán, A. Laguna, J. Giraldez, Impact of historical land use and soil management change on soil erosion and agricultural sustainability during the Anthropocene, Anthropocene, 29-13 (2017) 17. [3] E.C. Brevik, A. Cerdà, J. Mataix-Solera, L. Pereg, J.N. Quinton, J. Six, K. Van Oost, The interdisciplinary nature of Soil, Soil, 129-117 (2015) (1)1. [4] P.J.A. Withers, J.J. Elser, J. Hilton, H. Ohtake, W.J. Schipper, K.C. van Dijk, Greening the global phosphorus cycle: How green chemistry can help achieve planetary P sustainability, Green Chemistry, 2099-2087 (2015) (4)17. [5] J. Zhang, Y. Wang, F. Li, Soil organic carbon and nitrogen losses due to soil erosion and cropping in a sloping terrace landscape, Soil Research, 96-87 (2015) 53. [6] S. Bishop, M. Hiroshi, R. Carretero-Gonzalez, A. Warren, Modelling desert dune fields based on discrete dynamics, Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 17-7 (2002) 7. [7] M. Nourzadeh Haddad, Manufacturing and Evaluation Portable Simulator in Determining Wind Erosion and Threshold Friction Velocity at Different Soil Moisture Conditions, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Agriculture Soil Science Department, 2012 (in Persian). [8] G. Azizi, A. Shamsipour, M. Miri, T. Safarrad, Statistic and synoptic analysis of dust phenomena in West of Iran, Journal of Environmental Studies, 134-123 (2012) 38. [9] M.H. Bouchani, D. Fazeli, Environment challenges and its consequences Case Study: Dust and its impact in the West of Iran, Doctrine of Policy Making, -125 (2011) (3)2 146. [10] S. Mehrabi, S. Soltani, R. Jafari, Analyzing the relationship between dust storm occurrence and climatic parameters, Journal of Water and Soil Science, 81-69 (2015) (71)19. [11] D. Antoine, D. Nobileau, Recent increase of Saharan dust transport over the Mediterranean Sea, as revealed from ocean color satellite (SeaWiFS) observations, Journal of Geophysical Research, 19-1 (2006) 111. [12] A. Inbar, M. Ben-Hur, M. Sternberg, M. Lado, Using polyacrylamide to mitigate post-fire soil erosion, Geoderma, s 114-107 (2014) 240–239. [13] S. Iyengar, E. Masad, A. Rodriguez, H. Bazzi, D. Little, H. Hanley, Pavement subgrade stabilization using polymers: Characterization and performance, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 472 (2013) 25. [14] S.H. Sadeghi, Z. Hazbavi, H. Younesi, N. Bahramifar, Trade-off between runoff and sediments from treated erosion plots and polyacrylamide and acrylamide residues, CATENA, 220-213 (2016) 142. [15] A.B. Zezin, S.V. Mikheikin, V.B. Rogacheva, M.F. Zansokhova, A.V. Sybachin, A.A. Yaroslavov, Polymeric stabilizers for protection of soil and ground against wind and water erosion, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 23-17 (2015) 226. [16] M. Sweeney, E. McDonald, V. Etyemezian, Quantifying dust emissions from desert landforms, eastern Mojave Desert, USA, Geomorphology, 34-21 (2011) 135. [17] A. Genis, L. Vulfson, J. Ben-Asher, Combating wind erosion of sandy soils and crop damage in the coastal deserts: Wind tunnel experiments, Aeolian Research, 9 73-69 (2013). [18] K. Yang, Z. Tang, Effectiveness of Fly Ash and polyacrylamide as a sand-fixing agent for wind erosion control, Water Air and Soil Pollution, -4065 (2012) 223 4074. [19] K.N. Nwankwo, S. United, A. Federal Highway, D. Wisconsin, Wisconsin, C. Bureau of Highway, S. Pavements, Polyacrylamide as a soil stabilizer for erosion control, TRID (2001). [20] A. Corti, S. Muniyasamy, M. Vitali, S. Imam, E. Chiellini, Oxidation and biodegradation of polyethylene films containing pro-oxidant additives: Synergistic effects of sunlight exposure, thermal aging and fungal biodegradation, Polymer Degradation and Stability95 1114-1106 (2010) [21] A. Zandieh, S. Yasrobi, Study of Factors Affecting the compressive strength of sandy soil stabilized with polymer, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 28 145-139 (2010). [22] Z. Song, J. Liu, Y. Bai, J. Wei, D. Li, Q. Wang, Z. Chen, D. Kanungo, W. Qian, Laboratory and field experiments on the effect of vinyl acetate polymer-reinforced soil, Applied Sciences, 215-208 (2019) 9. [23] Z. Han, T. Wang, Z. Dong, Y. Hu, Z. Yao, Chemical stabilization of mobile dunefields along a highway in the taklimakan desert of China, Journal of Arid Environments, 270-260 (2007) (2)68. [24] I. Panova, A. Sybachin, V. Spiridonov, K. Kydralieva, S. Jorobekova, A. Zezin, A. Yaroslavov, Non-stoichiometric interpolyelectrolyte complexes: Promising candidates for protection of soils, Geoderma, 97-91 (2017) 307. [25] S. Abtahi, The effect of cellulose polymer mulch on sand stabilization, Polimery, 763-757 (2017) 62. [26] X. Meng, L. Liang, B. Liu, Synthesis and sand-fixing properties of cationic poly(vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate-2hydroxyethyl acrylate-DMC( copolymer emulsions, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 498-487 (2016) 25. [27] M. Mirzababaei, A. Arulrajah, M. Ouston, Polymers for stabilization of soft clay Soils, Procedia Engineering, 189 32-25 (2017). [28] M. Movahedan, N. Abbasi, M. Keramati, Experimental investigation of polyvinyl acetate polymer application for wind erosion control of soils, Journal of Water and Soil (Agricultural Sciences and Technology(, (2011) (3)25 616-606. [29] S.A. Rezaei, Comparison between polylatice polymer and petroleum mulch on seed germination and plant establishment in sand dune fixation, Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 136-124 (2009) ((34) 1)16. [30] M.A. Rokni, S.A. Shafie, Z. Kakaie, Z. Mousavi, Processing of dust and hotbeds in Qom province, Qom, Department of the Environmental Protection Agency of Qom Province (110-99 )2014 (in Persian). [31] M.V. Ali-Ehyaei, A.A. Behbahani-Zadeh, Methods of soil analysis, 893, Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehran, 1993 (in Persian). [32] https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table, NAAQS Table, in, EPA, 2018. [33] S.M.A. Zomorodian, H. Ghaffari, B.C. O'Kelly, Stabilization of crustal sand layer using biocementation technique for wind erosion control, Aeolian Research, 40 41-34 (2019). [34] S. Mohammad khan, Reviewing the performance of mulch F2SR231- polymer to stabilize sand dunes, in: Third National Conference of Wind Erosion and Dust Storms, Iranian Association of Desert Management and Control, Yazd, 2014 (in Persian). [35] M.S. Hassanvand, A. Torkian, M.R. Sahebnasagh, K.Nadafi, M.K. Moayyedi, Experimental investigation of the effectiveness of various additives in reducing wind erosion from iron ore piles, Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 398-387 (2012) ((17) 3)5. [36] N. Eshaghi Sardroud, H. Katebi, A. Mirmohseni, Studying The effect of size and moisture of particles and mulch polyacrylic acid on the amount of wind Erosion, Avicinian Philosophy Journal, 6-1 (2016) ((81) 4)45. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,878 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,691 |
||