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افزایش هزینه، عاملی تاثیرگذار بر مدیریت پایدار پروژههای ساختمانی در ایران (دلایل افزایش هزینه در پروژههای ساختمانی) | ||
| نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1401، صفحه 413-434 اصل مقاله (2.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22060/ceej.2021.18877.6989 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امید ایلکا؛ مهدی رجحانی* | ||
| دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| صنعت ساختمان بخش بزرگی از اقتصاد ایران را تشکیل میدهد. حجم عظیمی از منابع ملی اعم از انرژی و مصالح در این بخش مصرف میگردد. از این رو کارایی این صنعت نقش مهمی در توسعه پایدار کشور دارد. افزایش هزینه در پروژههای ساختمانی، از عوامل بسیار تاثیرگذار بر کاهش کارایی این صنعت و بروز مشکلات متعدد در آن میباشد. بر این اساس شناخت دقیق دلایل انحراف هزینه از بودجه، عامل بسیار مهمی در مدیریت هزینه پروژههای ساختمانی میباشد. اگر چه پیرامون دلایل انحراف هزینه مطالعات متعددی صورت گرفته است؛ لیکن هیچ یک با تمرکز بر صرفاً پروژههای ساختمانی ایران نبوده است. زیست بوم پروژههای ساختمانی ایران، تفاوت چشمگیری با سایر بخشهای عمرانی دارد. در این مقاله با تمرکز بر این موضوع و مرور تحقیقات مشابه، فهرست بلندی از دلایل انحراف هزینه پروژههای ساختمانی تهیه و سپس مبتنی بر زیست بوم صنعت ساختمان ایران، این فهرست اصلاح و تکمیل شده است. در نهایت میزان تکرار و شدت اثر هر عامل این فهرست، در قالب پرسشنامهای از 230 نفر از فعالان صنعت ساختمان پرسش شده است. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده تورم، طولانی شدن پروژه، فرایندهای کند اداری، برنامهریزی نامناسب منابع و بهرهوری کم و دوبارهکاری به علت طراحی غلط یا غیریکپارچه در تخصصهای مختلف، از جمله مهمترین عوامل ایجاد کننده افزایش هزینه و انحراف از بودجه شناسایی شده است. اصلیترین عوامل افزایش هزینه در حیطه خارج از سازمان پروژه و با منشا دولتی و مقررات حاکم میباشد. نتایج این پژوهش با تحقیقات مشابه در جهان همخوانی مناسبی دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| مدیریت پروژه؛ مدیریت هزینه پروژه؛ انحراف از بودجه؛ پروژههای ساختمانی؛ دلایل افزایش هزینه | ||
| موضوعات | ||
| ببهینه سازی زمان و هزینه پروژه؛ مدیریت پروژه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Cost overruns as significant factors affecting the sustainable management of building projects in Iran (The Causes of Cost Overruns) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Omid Ilka؛ Mahdi Rojhani | ||
| Shahed University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The building industry is a large part of Iran's economy. A considerable amount of national resources, including energy and materials, are consumed in this sector. Therefore, the efficiency of this industry has an essential role in the sustainable development of the country. Cost overruns of construction projects or deviating from the budget is one of the most influential factors in reducing the efficiency of this industry and the occurrence of numerous problems in it. Therefore, identification of the causes of costs overruns is a significant factor in managing the cost of building projects. In this paper, a review of similar research was conducted and a long list of reasons for cost overruns was prepared. Then, the list was modified, completed and categorized based on the ecology of Iran's building industry. The list has been distributed as a questionnaire among 230 experts, and the severity and frequency of each factor were asked. Based on the obtained data, statistical analyzes such as ANOVA were performed. According to the results, inflation, project delay, bureaucracy, weak resource planning, and low efficiency and rework due to incorrect or non-integrated design in various fields are among the most critical factors causing cost overruns. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Project Management, Cost Management, Cost Overruns, Building Project, Causes of Cost Overruns | ||
| مراجع | ||
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