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Numerical Investigation of Nano Particles Dispersion and Deposition in Fully Developed Laminar Pipe Flows | ||
| AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 1، شماره 1، شهریور 2017، صفحه 13-20 اصل مقاله (4.73 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22060/mej.2016.762 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| P. Talebizadeh1؛ H. Rahimzadeh* 1؛ G. Ahmadi2؛ R. Brown3؛ K. Inthavong4 | ||
| 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, New York, USA | ||
| 3Biofuel Engine Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia | ||
| 4School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing, Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The aim of this paper is to study the deposition and dispersion of nano particles in fully developed laminar pipe flows numerically. To simulate particle transport and to locate the position of particles, the Eulerian - Lagrangian method is used under the conditions of one-way coupling. Due to studied range of particle diameters from 5 nm to 100 nm, the main effective force for particle deposition is the Brownian diffusion force. After studying the mesh independency and validating results, time history analysis of particle transport is also performed by injecting the particles from the inlet surface and tracking them at each moment. Furthermore, the effective parameters, i.e. particle diameter, pipe length and diameter, temperature and particle density are studied comprehensively. The results of time history analysis of particle transport show that nano particles with less diameters are more deposited in less time. Furthermore, maximum number of escaped particles from the pipe occurred at 0.035 s after injecting the particles for all studied particle diameters due to the studied flow rate and length of the pipe. The output of this study can provide a guideline for evaluating nano particle transport and deposition in fully developed laminar pipe flows. | ||
تازه های تحقیق | ||
[1] C. Marchioli, A. Giusti, M.V. Salvetti, A. Soldati, Direct Numerical Simulation of Particle Wall Transfer and Deposition in Upward Turbulent Pipe Flow, International journal of Multiphase flow, 29(6) (2003) 1017-1038. [2] L. Tian, G. Ahmadi, Particle Deposition in Turbulent Duct Flows - Comparisons of Different Model Predictions, Journal of Aerosol Science, 38(4) (2007) 377-397. [3] J. Tu, K. Inthavong, G. Ahmadi, Computational Fluid and Particle Dynamics in the Human Respiratory System, Springer Netherlands, 2012. [4] V. Golkarfard, P. Talebizadeh, Numerical Comparison of Airborne Particles Deposition and Dispersion in Radiator and Floor Heating Systems, Advanced Powder Technology, 25(1) (2014) 389-397. [5] D.B. Ingham, Diffusion of aerosols from a stream flowing through a cylindrical tube, Journal of Aerosol Science, 6(2) (1975) 125-132. [6] B.S. Cohen, B. Asgharian, Deposition of Ultrafine Particles in the Upper Airways: An Empirical Analysis, Journal of Aerosol Science, 21(6) (1990) 789-797. [7] J.W. Thomas, Assessment of airborne radioactivity, in, Int. Atomic Energy Agency,Vienna, 1967, pp. 701-712. [8] D.B. Ingham, Simultaneous diffusion and sedimentation of aerosol particles in rectangular tubes, Journal of Aerosol Science, 7(5) (1976) 373-380. [9] D.B. Ingham, Diffusion of aerosols in the entrance region of a smooth cylindrical pipe, Journal of Aerosol Science, 22(3) (1991) 253-257. [10] H.C. Yeh, G.M. Schum, Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition, Bull Math Biol, 42 (1980) 461-480. [11] A. Li, G. Ahmadi, Dispersion and Deposition of Spherical Particles from Point Sources in a Turbulent Channel Flow, Aerosol Science Technology, 16 (1992) 209-226. [12] A. Li, G. Ahmadi, Computer simulation of deposition of aerosols in a turbulent channel flow with rough wall, Aerosol Science Technology, 18 (1993) 11-24. [13] H. Ounis, G. Ahmadi, J.B. McLaughlin, Brownian particles deposition in a directly simulated turbulent channel flow, Physics of Fluids A, 5 (1993) 1427-1432. [14] P. Zamankhan, G. Ahmadi, Z. Wang, P.K. Hopke, Y.- S. Cheng, W.C. Su, D. Leonard, Airflow and Deposition of Nano-Particles in a Human Nasal Cavity, Aerosol Science and Technology, 40(6) (2006) 463-476. [15] K. Inthavong, K. Zhang, J. Tu, Modeling Submicron and Micron Particle Deposition in a Human Nasal Cavity, in: Seventh International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, 2009. [16] P.W. Longest, S. Vinchurkar, Effects of Mesh Style and Grid Convergence on Particle Deposition in Bifurcating Airway Models with Comparisons to Experimental Data, Medical Engineering & Physics, 29(3) (2007) 350-366. [17] F. Krause, A. Wenk, C. Lacor, W.G. Kreyling, W. Möller, S. Verbanck, Numerical and experimental study on the deposition of nanoparticles in an extrathoracic oral airway model, Journal of Aerosol Science, 57 (2013) 131-143. [18] H. Shi, C. Kleinstreuer, Z. Zhang, C.S. Kim, Nanoparticle transport and deposition in bifurcating tubes with different inlet conditions, Physics of Fluids, 16(7) (2004) 2199-2213. [19] Z. Yin, Z. Dai, Investigating the Nanoparticles Penetration Efficiency through Horizontal Tubes Using an Experimental Approach, Advances in Mathematical Physics, (2015). [20] A. Guha, Transport and Deposition of Particles in Turbulent and Laminar Flow, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 40(1) (2008) 311-341. [21] Z. Zhang, C. Kleinstreuer, C. Kim, Airflow and Nanoparticle Deposition in a 16-Generation Tracheobronchial Airway Model, Ann Biomed Eng, 36(12) (2008) 2095-2110. [22] Q. Ge, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Local Deposition Fractions of Ultrafine Particles in a Human Nasal-Sinus Cavity CFD Model, Inhalation Toxicology, 24(8) (2012) 492- 505. [23] M. Abarham, P. Zamankhan, J.W. Hoard, D. Styles, C.S. Sluder, J.M. Storey, M.J. Lance, D. Assanis, CFD analysis of particle transport in axi-symmetric tube flows under the influence of thermophoretic force, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 61 (2013) 94-105. [24] J.-Z. Lin, Z.-Q. Yin, P.-F. Lin, M.-Z. Yu, X.-K. Ku, Distribution and penetration efficiency of nanoparticles between 8–550nm in pipe bends under laminar and turbulent flow conditions, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 85 (2015) 61-70. [25] Y. Shang, J. Dong, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Comparative numerical modeling of inhaled micron-sized particle deposition in human and rat nasal cavities, Inhalation Toxicology, (2015) 1-12. [26] M. Yousefi, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Microparticle Transport and Deposition in the Human Oral Airway: Toward the Smart Spacer, Aerosol Science and Technology, 49(11) (2015) 1109-1120. [27] W.C. Hinds, Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles, Wiley, 2012. [28] K. Inthavong, K. Zhang, J. Tu, Numerical Modelling of Nanoparticle Deposition in the Nasal Cavity and the Tracheobronchial Airway, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 14(7) (2011) 633-643. [29] [29] P.W. Longest, J. Xi, Computational Investigation of Particle Inertia Effects on Submicron Aerosol Deposition in the Respiratory Tract, Journal of Aerosol Science, 38(1) (2007) 111-130. [30] P.G. Gormley, M. Kennedy, Diffusion from a Stream Flowing through a Cylindrical Tube, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 52 (1948) 163-169. [31] P. Talebizadeh, H. Rahimzadeh, G. Ahmadi, R. Brown, K. Inthavong, 2016. “Time history of diesel particle deposition in cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge reactors”. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 18:378. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Two phase gas – solid flow؛ nano particles؛ Particle deposition؛ Fully developed laminar flow؛ Lagrangian particle tracking | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] C. Marchioli, A. Giusti, M.V. Salvetti, A. Soldati, Direct Numerical Simulation of Particle Wall Transfer and Deposition in Upward Turbulent Pipe Flow, International journal of Multiphase flow, 29(6) (2003) 1017-1038.
[2] L. Tian, G. Ahmadi, Particle Deposition in Turbulent Duct Flows - Comparisons of Different Model Predictions, Journal of Aerosol Science, 38(4) (2007) 377-397.
[3] J. Tu, K. Inthavong, G. Ahmadi, Computational Fluid and Particle Dynamics in the Human Respiratory System, Springer Netherlands, 2012.
[4] V. Golkarfard, P. Talebizadeh, Numerical Comparison of Airborne Particles Deposition and Dispersion in Radiator and Floor Heating Systems, Advanced Powder Technology, 25(1) (2014) 389-397.
[5] D.B. Ingham, Diffusion of aerosols from a stream flowing through a cylindrical tube, Journal of Aerosol Science, 6(2) (1975) 125-132.
[6] B.S. Cohen, B. Asgharian, Deposition of Ultrafine Particles in the Upper Airways: An Empirical Analysis, Journal of Aerosol Science, 21(6) (1990) 789-797.
[7] J.W. Thomas, Assessment of airborne radioactivity, in, Int. Atomic Energy Agency,Vienna, 1967, pp. 701-712.
[8] D.B. Ingham, Simultaneous diffusion and sedimentation of aerosol particles in rectangular tubes, Journal of Aerosol Science, 7(5) (1976) 373-380.
[9] D.B. Ingham, Diffusion of aerosols in the entrance region of a smooth cylindrical pipe, Journal of Aerosol Science, 22(3) (1991) 253-257.
[10] H.C. Yeh, G.M. Schum, Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition, Bull Math Biol, 42 (1980) 461-480. [11] A. Li, G. Ahmadi, Dispersion and Deposition of Spherical Particles from Point Sources in a Turbulent Channel Flow, Aerosol Science Technology, 16 (1992) 209-226.
[12] A. Li, G. Ahmadi, Computer simulation of deposition of aerosols in a turbulent channel flow with rough wall, Aerosol Science Technology, 18 (1993) 11-24.
[13] H. Ounis, G. Ahmadi, J.B. McLaughlin, Brownian particles deposition in a directly simulated turbulent channel flow, Physics of Fluids A, 5 (1993) 1427-1432.
[14] P. Zamankhan, G. Ahmadi, Z. Wang, P.K. Hopke, Y.- S. Cheng, W.C. Su, D. Leonard, Airflow and Deposition of Nano-Particles in a Human Nasal Cavity, Aerosol Science and Technology, 40(6) (2006) 463-476.
[15] K. Inthavong, K. Zhang, J. Tu, Modeling Submicron and Micron Particle Deposition in a Human Nasal Cavity, in: Seventh International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, 2009.
[16] P.W. Longest, S. Vinchurkar, Effects of Mesh Style and Grid Convergence on Particle Deposition in Bifurcating Airway Models with Comparisons to Experimental Data, Medical Engineering & Physics, 29(3) (2007) 350-366.
[17] F. Krause, A. Wenk, C. Lacor, W.G. Kreyling, W. Möller, S. Verbanck, Numerical and experimental study on the deposition of nanoparticles in an extrathoracic oral airway model, Journal of Aerosol Science, 57 (2013) 131-143.
[18] H. Shi, C. Kleinstreuer, Z. Zhang, C.S. Kim, Nanoparticle transport and deposition in bifurcating tubes with different inlet conditions, Physics of Fluids, 16(7) (2004) 2199-2213.
[19] Z. Yin, Z. Dai, Investigating the Nanoparticles Penetration Efficiency through Horizontal Tubes Using an Experimental Approach, Advances in Mathematical Physics, (2015).
[20] A. Guha, Transport and Deposition of Particles in Turbulent and Laminar Flow, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 40(1) (2008) 311-341.
[21] Z. Zhang, C. Kleinstreuer, C. Kim, Airflow and Nanoparticle Deposition in a 16-Generation Tracheobronchial Airway Model, Ann Biomed Eng, 36(12) (2008) 2095-2110.
[22] Q. Ge, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Local Deposition Fractions of Ultrafine Particles in a Human Nasal-Sinus Cavity CFD Model, Inhalation Toxicology, 24(8) (2012) 492- 505.
[23] M. Abarham, P. Zamankhan, J.W. Hoard, D. Styles, C.S. Sluder, J.M. Storey, M.J. Lance, D. Assanis, CFD analysis of particle transport in axi-symmetric tube flows under the influence of thermophoretic force, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 61 (2013) 94-105.
[24] J.-Z. Lin, Z.-Q. Yin, P.-F. Lin, M.-Z. Yu, X.-K. Ku, Distribution and penetration efficiency of nanoparticles between 8–550nm in pipe bends under laminar and turbulent flow conditions, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 85 (2015) 61-70.
[25] Y. Shang, J. Dong, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Comparative numerical modeling of inhaled micron-sized particle deposition in human and rat nasal cavities, Inhalation Toxicology, (2015) 1-12.
[26] M. Yousefi, K. Inthavong, J. Tu, Microparticle Transport and Deposition in the Human Oral Airway: Toward the Smart Spacer, Aerosol Science and Technology, 49(11) (2015) 1109-1120.
[27] W.C. Hinds, Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles, Wiley, 2012.
[28] K. Inthavong, K. Zhang, J. Tu, Numerical Modelling of Nanoparticle Deposition in the Nasal Cavity and the Tracheobronchial Airway, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 14(7) (2011) 633-643.
[29] [29] P.W. Longest, J. Xi, Computational Investigation of Particle Inertia Effects on Submicron Aerosol Deposition in the Respiratory Tract, Journal of Aerosol Science, 38(1) (2007) 111-130.
[30] P.G. Gormley, M. Kennedy, Diffusion from a Stream Flowing through a Cylindrical Tube, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 52 (1948) 163-169.
[31] P. Talebizadeh, H. Rahimzadeh, G. Ahmadi, R. Brown, K. Inthavong, 2016. “Time history of diesel particle deposition in cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge reactors”. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 18:378. | ||
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