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برآورد اثر اندرکنش بین ترکهای هیدرولیکی | ||
| نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر | ||
| مقاله 20، دوره 53، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 707-722 اصل مقاله (1.97 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22060/ceej.2020.16566.6277 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی عسگری* 1؛ علی اکبر گلشنی2 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران | ||
| 2- استادیار گروه مکانیک خاک و پی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور افزایش بهره‌وری استخراج هیدروکربن‌ها و گسترش ترکها تا محل مخزن آن‌ها، ترکها معمولا عمود بر تنش حداقل و به صورت دسته‌ای رشد داده می‌شوند. از دهه اخیر، هر ساله در قاره‌ی آمریکا بیش از ده هزار چاه افقی برای ایجاد و رشد ترک عمودی بر تنش کمینه در حال حفاری است و در هر چاه افقی بالغ بر صد ترک هیدرولیکی ایجاد می‌گردد. به منظور کاهش هزینه اجرایی، معمولا 3-8 ترک را به طور هم زمان در یک محدوده 10-30 متری ایجاد می‌کنند و آن‌ها را در مخزن گسترش می‌دهند. رشد همزمان ترکها با توجه به شکل، تعداد، موقعیت، فاصله و طول آن‌ها بر چگونگی رشد یکدیگر موثر است. بهعبارت دیگر وقتی ترکی در سطوح خود تحت فشار ناشی از تزریق سیال قرار میگیرد، باعث رشد آن میشود اما ممکن است این فشار بر روی رشد ترکهای مجاور اثر منفی داشته باشد، که به این اثر سایه یا اندرکنش گفته میشود. مسلما برآورد صحیح از اثر تنش سایه بین ترکها منجر به طراحی بهینهتری میشود در این نوشتار به کمک روش کشش کاذب ارتقا یافته به بررسی اثر اندرکنش بین ترکهای هیدرولیکی با توجه به فواصل ترکها بر روی یکدیگر پرداخته میشود. نتایج نشان میدهدکه در ترکهای میانی تحت تاثیر تنش سایه بیشتری نسبت به ترکهای کناری قرار دارند و از طرفی افزایش فواصل بین ترکها باعث کاهش اثر سایه میشود. نتایج این پژوهش در تعیین تعداد و فواصل ترکها، در طراحی شکست هیدرولیکی بسیار کاربردی است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شکست هیدرولیکی چندتایی؛ اندرکنش ترکها؛ رشد همزمان؛ روش کشش کاذب؛ روش تحلیلی | ||
| موضوعات | ||
| مکانیک خاک و پی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Shadow Stress between Hydraulic Fractures | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Asgari1؛ Aliakbar Golshani2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to increase the productivity of extraction of hydrocarbons reservoirs, the well is usually drilled in the direction of the minimum horizontal in situ stress, and hydraulic fractures simultaneously initiate and propagate perpendicular/transverse to the wellbore. In the last decade, more than 10,000 horizontal wells per year have been bored and hydraulically fractured, with up to a hundred hydraulic fractures placed in the horizontal segment of the well. In order to reduce operational cost, it is usual to create several hydraulic fractures at once. The well is there for stimulated in stages, with one stage consisting of a single pumping operation aimed at initiating and propagating simultaneously typically between 3-8 cracks spaced about 10–30 m apart. When the fluid pressure is applied on the surface of the fracture, the crack can propagate in the medium, but the pressure, induced from the fluid injection, may have a negative influence on the extension of adjacent cracks which is stated as shadow or interaction stress. Certainly, an accurate estimation of interaction/shadow stress between the cracks leads to a more optimal design. In this research, the effect of the interaction between the hydraulic cracks with respect to the spacing and the number of cracks on each other and considering the position of the fractures are evaluated using the pseudo traction method. The results are shown that inner-fractures are further affected by shadow stress compared to outer-fractures. On the other hand as the distance of hydraulic fractures increases, shadow stresses decrease. In the last, the results can be useful in determining the optimum number and spacing of cracks in the design of hydraulic fractures. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Multiple hydraulic fractures, Shadow stress, Simultaneous propagation, Pseudo traction technique, Analytical method | ||
| مراجع | ||
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