پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 7 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 409 |
| تعداد مقالات | 5,454 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 5,823,800 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,201,351 |
شبیه‌سازی خوردگی حفره‌ای روی پره‌ی کمپرسور توربین گازی | ||
| نشریه مهندسی مکانیک امیرکبیر | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 53، شماره 10، دی 1400، صفحه 5123-5140 اصل مقاله (2.77 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22060/mej.2021.19342.7003 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| یوسف ملاپور1؛ اسماعیل پورسعیدی* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه زنجان | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده مهندسی دانشگاه زنجان* | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پره‌های متحرک ردیف اول چهار کمپرسور جریان محوری توربین گازی به دلیل وجود اجزای خورنده در محیط و افزایش امکان ایجاد حفره روی پره‌ها به‌طور ناگهانی شکسته شدند. در این پژوهش به بررسی عددی و آزمایشگاهی خوردگی حفره‌ای روی پره‌ی کمپرسور توربین گازی در شرایط کارکرد واقعی پرداخته می‌شود. بررسی‌های میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی و شکست‌نگاری پره‌ی شکسته شده، نشان داد که حفره‌ها تحت مکانیزم ترک خوردگی تنشی به‌هم متصل شده و یک حفره‌ی بزرگ‌تر را تشکیل داده‌اند که این موجب کاهش بیشتر زمان واماندگی شده است. حفره‌های موجود روی پره، با نرم‌افزار کامسول شبیه‌سازی و تحت نیروهای وارده تحلیل شده است. حفره‌ها به یکدیگر متصل شده و به ترک خوردگی تنشی تبدیل می‌شود و با عنایت به خورندگی محیط، مکانیزم خستگی خوردگی نیز فعال می‌شود. ناحیه‌ی تمرکز تنش در حفره‌ها واضح است که محل شروع ترک خوردگی تنشی و خستگی خوردگی می‌باشند. وجود حفره‌های روی پره، باعث افزایش تنش برابر 130 مگاپاسکال نسبت به پره بدون حفره شده است. نتایج بدست آمده مطابقت مناسبی با مشاهدات در محل ترک و نتایج تجربی دارد که صحه‌گذار بر درستی شبیه‌سازی عددی می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلیاژ کاستوم 450؛ خوردگی حفره‌ای؛ نرم‌افزار کامسول؛ ترک خوردگی تنشی؛ پره‌ی کمپرسور | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Simulation of Pitting Corrosion on Gas Turbine Compressor Blade | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Yousef Mollapour1؛ Esmaeil PourSaeidi2 | ||
| 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Mechanical engineering departmant.university of zanjan | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The first row rotating blades of four axial-flow compressors were prematurely fractured. Previous investigations showed that the site atmosphere contains corrosive compounds which lead to an increase in the possibility of pitting on the blades. To this end, experimental and numerical studies are considered. Replica testing, scanning electron microscope and fractography of the broken blade indicate that the pits join together and make one bigger pit under stress-corrosion cracking mechanism which reduces the failure time. 3-D models of the pitting on the blade under existing forces are analyzed by COMSOL Multiphysics software. Finite element analysis shows good similarities with fractography photos. Stress concentration and interaction of stresses around the pits are two mechanical reasons for the initiation and growth of cracks. Calculations show that the occurrence of stress-corrosion cracking at the location of the pit reduces the crack initiation time to half. The presence of pits increased the stress by approximately 130 MPa relative to the healthy blade. The part between the two pits with a stress of approximately 180 MPa showed the interaction of the two pits in the operating conditions of the compressor blade. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| CUSTOM 450 alloy, Pitting corrosion, COMSOL Multiphysics software, Stress corrosion cracking, compressor blade | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] R. Haskell, Gas turbine compressor operating environment and material evaluation, in: Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989, pp. V005T011A002. [2] E. Poursaeidi, H. Bakhtiari, Fatigue crack growth simulation in a first stage of compressor blade, Engineering Failure Analysis, 45 (2014) 314-325. [3] D. McAdam, G. Gell, Pitting and its effect on the fatigue limit of steels corroded under various conditions, Journal of the proceedings of the American Society for Testing Materials, 41 (1928) 696-732. [4] A. Turnbull, L. Wright, L. Crocker, New insight into the pit-to-crack transition from finite element analysis of the stress and strain distribution around a corrosion pit, Corrosion Science, 52(4) (2010) 1492-1498. [5] D. Horner, B. Connolly, S. Zhou, L. Crocker, A. Turnbull, Novel images of the evolution of stress corrosion cracks from corrosion pits, Corrosion Science, 53(11) (2011) 3466-3485. [6] A. Turnbull, D. Horner, B. Connolly, Challenges in modelling the evolution of stress corrosion cracks from pits, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 76(5) (2009) 633-640. [7] A. Turnbull, L. McCartney, S. Zhou, A model to predict the evolution of pitting corrosion and the pit-to-crack transition incorporating statistically distributed input parameters, in: Environment-Induced Cracking of Materials, Elsevier, 2008, pp. 19-45. [8] Y. Kondo, Prediction of fatigue crack initiation life based on pit growth, Corrosion, 45(1) (1989) 7-11. [9] J. Ma, B. Zhang, J. Wang, G. Wang, E.-H. Han, W. Ke, Anisotropic 3D growth of corrosion pits initiated at MnS inclusions for A537 steel during corrosion fatigue, Corrosion Science, 52(9) (2010) 2867-2877. [10] S. Mohanty, S. Majumdar, K. Natesan, A review of stress corrosion cracking/fatigue modeling for light water reactor cooling system components, Argonne, IL: Nuclear Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory, (2012). [11] P.L. Andresen, F.P. Ford, Fundamental modeling of environmental cracking for improved design and lifetime evaluation in BWRs, International journal of pressure vessels and piping, 59(1-3) (1994) 61-70. [12] M. Hall Jr, Critique of the Ford–Andresen film rupture model for aqueous stress corrosion cracking, Corrosion science, 51(5) (2009) 1103-1106. [13] Y. Garud, T. Gerber, Intergranular stress-corrosion cracking of Ni-Cr-Fe Alloy 600 tubes in PWR primary water-review and assessment for model development. Final report, in, Levy (S.), 1983. [14] A. McIlree, R. Rebak, S. Smialowska, Relationship of stress intensity to crack growth rate of Alloy 600 in primary water, in: Contribution of Materials Investigation to the Resolution of problems encountered in PWR Plants. Volume 1, 1990. [15] P.M. Scott, An analysis of primary water stress corrosion cracking in PWR steam generators, 1991. [16] J. P. Foster, W. H. Bamford, R. S. Pathania "Initial Results of Alloy 600 Crack Growth Rate Testing in PWR Environment" Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors, Breckenridge, CO, NACE, Houston, TX, (1995): 25-40. [17] Z. Szklarska-Smialowska, R. Rebak, Stress corrosion cracking of alloy 600 in high temperature aqueous solutions: Influencing factors, mechanisms and models, in: Control of corrosion on the secondary side of steam generators. Proceedings, 1996. [18] E.D. Eason, R. Pathania, T. Shoji, Evaluation of the Fracture Research Institute theoretical stress corrosion cracking model, in: Proc. 12th Int. Conf. on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems—Water Reactors, 2005, pp. 145-153. [19] H. Masuda, SKFM observation of SCC on SUS304 stainless steel, Corrosion science, 49(1) (2007) 120-129. [20] Y. Wang, G. Cheng, Quantitative evaluation of pit sizes for high strength steel: Electrochemical noise, 3-D measurement, and image-recognition-based statistical analysis, Materials & Design, 94 (2016) 176-185. [21] J. Orlikowski, A. Jazdzewska, R. Mazur, K. Darowicki, Determination of pitting corrosion stage of stainless steel by galvanodynamic impedance spectroscopy, Electrochimica Acta, 253 (2017) 403-412. [22] J. Lu, B. Han, C. Cui, C. Li, K. Luo, Electrochemical and pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 4145 steel subjected to massive laser shock peening treatment with different coverage layers, Optics & Laser Technology, 88 (2017) 250-262. [23] J. Zhang, X.H. Shi, C.G. Soares, Experimental analysis of residual ultimate strength of stiffened panels with pitting corrosion under compression, Engineering Structures, 152 (2017) 70-86. [24] H. Tian, X. Wang, Z. Cui, Q. Lu, L. Wang, L. Lei, Y. Li, D. Zhang, Electrochemical corrosion, hydrogen permeation and stress corrosion cracking behavior of E690 steel in thiosulfate-containing artificial seawater, Corrosion Science, 144 (2018) 145-162. [25] Z.S. Asadi, R.E. Melchers, Clustering of corrosion pit depths for buried cast iron pipes, Corrosion Science, 140 (2018) 92-98. [26] S. Salleh, Modelling pitting corrosion in carbon steel materials, The University of Manchester (United Kingdom), 2013. [27] V. Vijayaraghavan, A. Garg, L. Gao, R. Vijayaraghavan, Finite element based physical chemical modeling of corrosion in magnesium alloys, Metals, 7(3) (2017) 83. [28] O. Pedram, E. Poursaeidi, Total life estimation of a compressor blade with corrosion pitting, SCC and fatigue cracking, Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 18(2) (2018) 423-434. [29] O. Pedram, E. Poursaeidi, Pitting corrosion as the main cause of crack initiation in a compressor blade, 3rd International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tehran, Imam Khomeini International University - Iranian Association of Thermal and Refrigeration Engineering (2018). [30] O. Pedram, E. Poursaeidi, An outrun competition of corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking on crack initiation in a compressor blade, International Journal of Engineering, 27(5) (2014) 785-792. [31] Y. Mollapour, O. Pedram, E. Poursaeidi, R. Khamedi "Numerical Investigation of Pitting Corrosion of CUSTOM 450 Alloy in Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate" 27th Annual International Conference Of Iranian Society Of Mechanical Engineering And 7th Conference On Thermal Power Plants (ISME 2019), Tarbiat Modares University - University Of Tehran, Tehran, 2019 (In Persian). [32] O. Pedram, Y. Mollapour, H. Shayani-jam, E. Poursaeidi, R. Khamedi, Pitting Corrosion Behavior of CUSTOM 450 Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Characterization, Metals and Materials International, (2020) 1-11. [33] E. Poursaiedi, A. Salarvand, Effect of coating surface finishing on fatigue behavior of C450 steel CAPVD coated with (Ti, Cr) N, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 25(8) (2016) 3448-3455. [34] Technical datasheet, CUSTOM 450 Stainless, CARPENTER (2009): 1-12. [35] S. Huzni, M. Ridha, A.K. Ariffin, Stress Distribution Analysis on Four Types of Stress Corrosion Cracking Specimen, in: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publ, 2011, pp. 194-199. [36] Database llnl: Jim Johnson, “thermo.com.V8.R6.230” Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in Geochemist’s Workbench format. Converted to PhreeqC format by Greg Anderson with help from David Parkhurst (llnl.dat 4023 2010-02-09 21:02:42Z dlpark). [37] P. Taylor, Oxidation of magnetite in aerated aqueous media. AECL research No. AECL 10821, (1993). [38] J.D. Allison, D.S. Brown, K.J. Novo-Gradac, MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2, a geochemical assessment model for environmental systems: version 3.0 user's manual, Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US …, 1991. [39] H.E.D. Handbook, Kuppan Thulukkanam, in, CRC press, 2013. [40] Poursaeidi, E., Arabloo, M., Mohammadi Arhani, M. R. "Analysis of create Cracks in the first stage of compressor blade Turbines of the Second Refinery Power Plant Unit", South Pars Gas Complex Company (Phase 2 and 3), 2010 (In Persian). [41] E. Poursaeidi, A. Babaei, M.M. Arhani, M. Arablu, Effects of natural frequencies on the failure of R1 compressor blades, Engineering Failure Analysis, 25 (2012) 304-315. [42] D. Linden, Long Term Operating Experience With Corrosion Control In Industrial Axial Flor Compressors, in: Proceedings of the 40th Turbomachinery Symposium, Texas A&M University. Turbomachinery Laboratories, 2011. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 890 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 967 |
||